Since acrylate is a "core-shell" structural elastomer, it is endowed with a series of advantages: excellent impact resistance "core-shell" structure has better impact resistance than network structure polymers (CPE, EVA). In terms of glass transition temperature, CPE is -10℃ ~ -20℃, and acrylic ester can reach -56℃, so the low temperature impact performance is significantly better than CPE. The glass transition temperature of the newly developed TAE-858 can reach above -60℃, and the effect of improving the low temperature impact performance of profiles is remarkable. Wide processing process range, stable operation process CPE processing temperature range is narrow, because chlorinated polyethylene structure and PVC close, high temperature (185 ° C), good mixing, easy to damage the network structure, resulting in a decline in impact resistance. If the temperature is low, the plasticization is not good, the dispersion is not good, it also affects the impact, appearance and other properties, and the acrylic impact modifier does not have the above problems, the processing temperature is wide, the operation is easy, the finished product rate is high, the production is stable and the thermal shrinkage rate is low. Good dimensional stability The PVC profile using ACR impact modifier is generally 100℃, 60 minutes shrinkage is low, generally below 1.5%. The CPE is higher, generally more than 1.5% (standard requirements ≤2.5%). The practical significance of this project is to test the longitudinal stress of the PC profile. The influence factors of longitudinal stress are t

The selection of PVC impact modifier should pay attention to the following aspects: 1. The compatibility with PVC resin should be moderate, if the compatibility is too large, the two are completely mixed at the molecular level, the impact modifier may play the role of a plasticizer, closely attached to the PVC molecule, and the impact force directly acts on the PVC chain, which can not improve the impact resistance. On the contrary, if the compatibility of the two is too small to reach uniform dispersion, the adhesion to PVC is lost, and the impact force cannot be absorbed. 2. The glass transition temperature should be low, which can improve the impact resistance of PVC at low temperatures. 3. The molecular weight should be high, and it is best to mildly crosslink if necessary to improve the enhancement effect.

Titanium dioxide (TiO2), an important inorganic chemical pigment, is mainly composed of titanium dioxide. The production process of titanium dioxide includes sulfuric acid process and chlorination process. It is widely used in coating, ink, paper making, plastic rubber, chemical fiber, ceramics and other industries. TiO2 physical characteristics: 1) Titanium dioxide relative density Among commonly used white pigments, titanium dioxide has the lowest relative density. Among the white pigments of the same quality, titanium dioxide has the largest surface area and the highest pigment volume. 2) Titanium dioxide melting point and boiling point: Because anatase can change into rutile at high temperature, the melting point and boiling point of anatase titanium dioxide do not actually exist. Only rutile titanium dioxide has melting point and boiling point. The melting point of rutile titanium dioxide is 1850 ℃, the melting point in air is (1830 ± 15) ℃, and the melting point in oxygen enrichment is 1879 ℃. Melting point is related to the purity of titanium dioxide. The boiling point of rutile titanium dioxide is (3200 ± 300) ℃, and titanium dioxide is slightly volatile at this high temperature. 3) Dielectric constant:

6) Hygroscopicity: Although titanium dioxide has hydrophilicity, but its hygroscopicity not very strong, and rutile type is smaller than anatase type. The hygroscopicity of titanium dioxide is related to its surface area. The large surface area and high hygroscopicity are also related to surface treatment and properties. 7) Thermal stability: Titanium dioxide is a material with good thermal stability. 8) Grain size: The particle size distribution of titanium dioxide is a comprehensive index, which seriously affects the performance of titanium dioxide pigment and product application performance. Therefore, the discussion on hiding power and dispersion can be directly analyzed from the particle size distribution.

Crystal structure: Titanium dioxide has three crystalline forms in nature: rutile, anatase and plate titanium. Plate titanium type belongs to the orthorhombic system, which is an unstable crystal type. It is transformed into rutile type at above 650 ℃, so it has no practical value in industry. Anatase is stable at room temperature, but it should be transformed into rutile at high temperature. The conversion strength depends on the manufacturing method and whether inhibition or accelerator is added in the calcination process. It is generally believed that there is almost no crystal transformation below 165 ℃, and the transformation is fast when it exceeds 730 ℃. Rutile is the most stable crystalline form of titanium dioxide, with dense structure. Compared with anatase, rutile has higher hardness, density, dielectric constant and refractive index. Rutile and anatase belong to tetragonal system, but have different lattice, so the X-ray images are also different. The diffraction angle of anatase titanium dioxide is 25.5 °, and that of rutile is 27.5 °. Rutile crystal is slender and prismatic, usually twin; However, anatase generally approximates regular octahedron. Compared with anatase, rutile type is composed of two titanium dioxide molecules in its unit lattice, while anatase type is composed of four titanium dioxide molecules, so its unit lattice is small and compact, so it has greater stability and relative density, so it has higher refractive index, dielectric constant and lower thermal conductivity.

Production process of chlorinated polyethylene - Zibo Chiding Jan 9, 2020 - Currently, the production technology of chlorinated polyethylene CPE has matured. The synthesis methods of chlorinated polyethylene: solvent chlorinated polyethylene cpe 135a manufacturer - YouTube: · GRI GM13 ASTM D1004 Tear Resistance of HDPE Geomembranes · KLJ India (Flags Communications) · Wax Making Machine · Production of PP glass fiber YouTube · Ella Zhang · Jul 8, 2016Chlorinated Polyethylene (CPE) Health & EnvironmentChlorinated Polyethylene is a family of thermoplastics that are produced by the chlorination of high-density polyethylene. Chlorine content can be as high CPE (Chlorinated Polyethylene) Alloys | Aurora PlasticsCPE polymers can range from rigid thermoplastics to flexible elastomers, making them highly versatile. These polymers are used in a variety of end-use Evaluation of Performance of Chlorinated Polyethylene Using by H Zhang - Chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) is a polymer made by replacing H2 molecules in high density-(C2H4)n with chloride ions. CPE elastomers are made from a high Chlorinated Polyethylene - CPE - AZoMMainly used as impact modifier for PVC or compounded with LDPE or HDPE film to improve toughness. Films used as pond liners and for agricultural applications.Method for preparing chlorinated polyethylene suitable for The CPE is prepared by chlorinating high density polyethylene at temperatures below 90 *C. The blends are said to have good transparency and impact strength

Introduction: C-PVC is manufactured by chlorinating PVC and shares some of the properties of PVC. Impact modifiers are added to PVC and C-PVC to improve impact strength; especially at lower temperatures. For U-PVC pipes in India, if fusion is optimized, addition of impact modifiers is not necessary for pipes not exposed to severe weather conditions. However, for profiles having sharp corners and window profiles exposed to solar radiation, impact modifier is necessary. On the other hand, as seen in the graph, lower elongation at break for C-PVC compound leads to lower impact strength. Impact strength of C- PVC is 30% lower than PVC. Besides, due to more chlorine content it is prone to more thermal and oxidative degradation, leading to UV degradation and in turn loss of impact strength. Hence impact modifiers as well as antioxidants in adequate quantities are essential for C- PVC pipes. Many processors prefer MBS and CPE or their combination as impact modifiers in C-PVC pipes, instead of All Acrylic Impact Modifiers (AAM), probably due to easy processability and lower cost. However, requirement of impact modifiers depend upon end use. Impact modifiers are used for long term use of PVC/C-PVC products especially under cold conditions and outdoor exposure. C-PVC pipes used for conveying hot water from solar heaters or geysers are usually exposed to solar radiation and weathering. Therefore, impact modifiers shall be judiciously selected for C-PVC pipes for indoor and outdoor use. Type of impact modifiers: Impact modifiers are elastomeric materials that are partially compatible with PVC/ C-PVC. Two basic morphologies (structures) are possible for impact modified U-PVC/C-PVC matrix. 1. The particulate structure, and 2. The network structure. Hence, two classes of impact modifiers exist accor

Selection of PVC impact modifier The selection of anti-impact modifiers should pay attention to the following aspects: 1, and PVC resin compatibility should be moderate, if the compatibility is too large, two completely molecular level mixing, Impact modifiers may act as plasticizers, adhering closely to the PVC molecules so that the impact force acts directly It can not improve impact resistance on P V C chain. On the contrary, if the two compatibility is too small to reach even points Loose, lost the adhesive force of PVC, unable to absorb the impact force. 2, the glass temperature is low, can improve the impact resistance of PVC at low temperature. 3, the molecular weight should be high, if necessary, the best light crosslinking, in order to improve the enhancement effect. 4. It has no obvious influence on the performance and physical properties of PVC. 5, weather resistance should be good, small swelling from the mold. 6. Good blending with PVC. 7, heat resistance (deformation resistance, thermal stability) better. 8. Economy. Any modifier is not perfect, so in addition to paying attention to the above aspects in the selection, Also look at its main function

Advancements in Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) technology are improving for use in pipe, construction applications, wires and cabling, medical tubing, flooring, fabrics and other consumer items. As a thermoplastic resin, manufactured from industrial salts and carbon, PVC is also less dependent on oil or gas and considered a more natural resource.PVC Pipe PVC pipe is approximately 75% less expensive in use than PE pipe, (polyethylene HDPE). New advancements include PVC-O, oriented PVC and PVC-M, modified PVC. PVC-O has been successfully used in Australia for almost 20 years. This pipe is produced by re-aligning the molecules in PVC with Biaxial orientation. The pipe produced is considerably stronger, allowing the wall thickness to be reduced close to 50% while maintaining the same pressure strength.

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) stands third around the world as the most widely produced plastic polymer. The rigid form of PVC is used in making PVC pipes that have a diverse range of applications. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) pipes are the most commonly used plastic piping material. The PVC pipes are manufactured in various dimensions and sizes. They are extensively used in sewer systems, irrigation, water service lines, drain waste vents, and various industries. The properties of PVC pipes for safety, robustness, cost-efficiency, environmental performance, and recyclability allow them to be used for multiple purposes, from carrying water to industrial or chemical waste handling. PVC pipes can be used in underground areas as well as above-ground areas of any building. They also come in handy to be used in outdoor settings if they include UV inhibitors and stabilisers to protect against ultraviolet radiation and are painted with water-based latex paint. They are unaffected by commonly used chemicals such as salts, acids, oxidants, or bases. PVC pipes are an environment-friendly option that has an upper hand over the traditional piping system. The PVC pipes consist of low carbon plastic and require minimal resources and less energy in manufacturing. PVC pipes provide an excellent choice for carrying drinking water because they have a great level of inertness and are not prone to corrosion. PVC pipes last long with the smallest amount of maintenance and they are easily recyclable. The PVC pipes are extensively used because they are eco-friendly, durable, easy to install, resistant to corrosion, light in weight, have a long service life, inexpensive, and extensively accepted by codes. The top ten places where PVC pipes can be used are: 1. PVC Pipe for Water Plumbing and Water Pipes The PVC pipes have been widely used in water plumbing and pipes. It is the largest industry i

4. PVC Pipes for Agriculture Agriculture is one of the largest and important sectors and is incomplete without PVC pipes. PVC pipes are used for all important functions of agriculture from bore-well to water irrigation, sprinklers and spraying of pesticides and fertilizers. PVC agricultural pipes are used for irrigation and pest control activities at farms. PVC pipes are resistant to all sorts of chemicals, corrosion, soil and fire. This makes them the best fit to be used for the transportation of pesticides and fertilizers into a farm. PVC agricultural pipes are very, do not require any maintenance and in optimum conditions last for more than 50 years. 5. PVC Pipe for Fire Sprinklers The PVC pipes have been approved to be used in the case of a light-hazard and multipurpose sprinkler system. PVC pipes are commonly used in the fire sprinkler system set up in public places like museums, theatres, libraries as well as in hotels, offices, and private buildings. The PVC pipes are immune to corrosion, scale, or any microbiological layer formation that leads to them being durable, low in maintenance as opposed to the traditional iron pipes. The PVC pipes used in the fire sprinkler system are not combustible and do not contribute to flashover. PVC pipes are light in weight, can be easily assembled in a small space, and offer non-corrosive properties. 6. PVC Pipes for Industrial Use PVC pipes have proven to be beneficial for use in the industrial sector. PVC piping can handle a wide range of substances, from cold water to the transport of hazardous chemicals. The property of high resistance to corrosion of the PVC pipes makes them extremely useful in industrial settings. The piping system for industrial use is required to be robust to endure the rough environment to carry chemicals or harmful waste. Thus, the PVC pipes meet this requirement and provide safe transportation for most of the substances in the industry.

8. PVC Pipes for Fittings The latest PVC pipes and fittings have proven to be useful in almost all areas because they offer a wide range of pipes, valves, and fittings. There are a huge number of connections that can be made using the PVC pipes as they are available in various forms like straight pipes, branch pipes, T-shaped pipes, and bracketed pipes. Thus, PVC pipes provide a multipurpose system without any cracks that are easy to install. PVC pipe fittings can be used to make high-performance piping systems. They can help to connect the new units with the older ones using the latest materials to renovate the pipe network at the same time, helping to maintain complete system integrity. 9. PVC Pipe for Building Infrastructure and Structural Material PVC pipes have been increasingly used in infrastructure and building materials over the past few years. The PVC pipes are an inexpensive and better substitute for wood and other types of building materials. The PVC pipes` topmost use for building infrastructure is in the exhaust and air ventilation. In the construction of an air ventilation system, PVC pipes are installed in the ducts of the heating systems, air conditioning systems, and ventilation. 10. PVC Pipe for Coatings and Cable Insulation PVC pipes are a bad conductor of current and electricity. Therefore, they are used in coating and cable insulation for electric wires, cables, circuitry, and components. Many common wires and electrical elements in today's electronics pass through a PVC conduit pipe. The PVC pipes are used to defend against human or environmental exposure, electrical short circuits, overheating, and any other kind of dangerous situations that can come up in the case of handling electricity. Furthermore, PVC pipes offer a wide range of use in the modern world. The PVC pipes' capability to be handled diversely has led to its use in various recreational areas. The va

Poly(vinyl chloride), PVC, is a common commodity plastic, and its production is the third largest, after polyethylene and polypropylene (Yoshioka et al., 2008). It is cost-effective, highly versatile and is used in many construction applications as water, sewage and drainage pipes, and a variety of extruded profiles (Van Es et al., 2008). Thousands of rigid, semi-flexible and flexible (plasticized) materials and products based on PVC are widely used in practically all spheres of the world economy and will remain so for a very long time. From volume estimates, the world production of PVC grew from a few hundred million pounds to about 44 billion pounds in 2000 (Skip, 2006) as new uses and markets were developed. However, it is known that PVC degrades at elevated temperatures, giving off hydrochloric acid (HCl) that in turn accelerates the degradation process. Depending on the number of conjugated double bonds formed, it becomes yellow, orange, red, brown and finally black (Sabaa and Mohamed, 2007). The splitting-off of HCl from the polymer backbone affects the physical, chemical and the mechanical properties of the polymer. Until the discovery of thermal stabilizers, PVC was not an industrially very useful polymer, as it could not be processed to useful articles without degradation at elevated temperatures. Quantum improvements in extrusion and injection moulding machinery and extrusion die design, together with significant improvements in stabilizers and lubricant technology have all contributed to increased tonnage production and usage of PVC.

The main classes of thermal stabilizers in current use are lead salts, metal soaps and organo-tin compounds. Some of these have disadvantages in terms of toxicity, environmental pollution and/or high cost (Lin et al., 2006). The metal soaps and organo-tin stabilizers are safer than lead salts, but their stabilization effects are usually lower than those of lead salts. In fact, calcium and zinc soaps of some seed oils had been investigated and proved to be save thermal stabilizers of PVC (Folarin, 2008). As a result of the worldwide increase in environmental awareness, attention is currently being focused on thermal stabilizers that are non-toxic and environmentally friendly (Bao et al., 2008). Thermal stabilizers of PVC possess one or more of the following features in addition to capacity for absorption and neutralization of HCl evolved by PVC during degradation: 1. An ability to replace or displace active, labile substituent groups, such as tertiary and allylic chlorine atoms; 2. A capacity to render pro-degradant substances e.g. heavy metal chlorides, inactive; 3. An ability to modify chain reactions, by interrupting conjugated polyene formation and inhibiting the elimination of HCl. An ideal stabilizer should possess a number of desirable secondary attributes. Such stabilizers should be colourless, compatible and non-migrating. It should be relatively inexpensive, non-toxic, odourless and tasteless, and should not affect the polymer`s physical and rheological characteristics.

Lubricant is an indispensable additive in PVC processing. For lubricants, the commonly referred function in industry`s can be summarized in two points, they are: it reduces the friction pre-melting particles of polyvinyl chloride and the macromolecules in the polyvinyl chloride melt. It is actually the most typical summary of the two aspects of lubricant action (internal and external lubrication). Then, we will discuss and analyze the internal and external lubrication of PVC lubricant from the technical level for you. 1.Internal lubrication In terms of PVC, the internal lubrication of the lubricant and the plasticizer can be regarded as the same kind of material, playing the role of plasticizing or softening. The difference is that the polarity of the lubricant is lower and the carbon chain is longer. Therefore, compared with plasticizers, lubricants and PVC are less compatible. Lubricants are incompatibly (and moderately compatible) with polyvinyl chloride, so only a small number of lubricant molecules can pass through the chains of the polymer like plasticizers, weakening their mutual attraction. When the polymer is deformed, the chains can slip and rotate more easily without lowering the glass temperature of the polymer too much. 2.External lubrication External lubrication refers to the interface lubrication mechanism. The lubricant is attached on the surface of the molten resin or on the surface of the processing machine or mold, forming a layer of lubricant molecules. lubrication interface which is formed by the existence of molecular layer of lubricant, reduced the friction between the resin and the processing machinery as as result. The viscosity of the sliding interface film and its lubrication efficiency depend on the melting point and processing temperature of the lubricant. In general, lubricants with long molecular carbon chains play a better role of lubrication because they keep the two friction surfaces away from

Calcium-based stabilisers (including Ca-Zn ones) are now largely used in wires and cables, in window and technical profiles (also foamed ones), and in any type of pipes (such as soil and sewer pipes, foam core pipes, pressure pipes, corrugated pipes, land drainage pipes and cable ducting) as well as the corresponding fittings.Calcium-based stabilisers have also been introduced in PVC rigid calendering film production when improved organoleptics characteristics are required, for instance as alternative to tin mercaptides in transparent food packaging application or as alternative to tin carboxylates in PVC blown films shrinkable and for candy wrap. Similarly, calcium-based stabilisers are now an alternative to Liquid Mixed Metals (LMM) for several flexible applications, especially for the indoor ones, when stringent air quality requirements are in place. PVC Impact Modifier PVC Additives PVC Processing Aid Acrylic Impact Modifier Acrylic Processing Aid PVC Heat Stabilizer PVC Lubricant CPVC Compound CPVC Additives

PVC is the three-letter acronym used to describe polyvinyl chloride, a synthetic plastic and highly versatile material. PVC is widely used within modern society and sector applications as pipe for transporting fluids from water to chemicals to ingredients. uPVC stands for unplasticized polyvinyl chloride and is PVC without plasticizing (flexibility) agents added. PVC and uPVC is often used to refer to the same product and most standard PVC pipe is actually uPVC pipe. At its basic level, PVC is a repeating macromolecule of individual vinyl chloride (VC) monomer units that have been joined together by chemical reaction to produce the polymer polyvinyl chloride, PVC. To classify the polymer, PVC belongs to the thermoplastic division of plastic materials. As a thermoplastic, this means PVC softens when heated and can become molten for use in production or recycled for reuse. This is similar to olefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene that are also thermoplastics. Also similar to olefins, PVC is derived from the refinery process of natural oil resources that make modern fuels. Ethylene gas and chlorine from rock salt (NaCl) are reacted together to produce vinyl chloride, which is then further refined to produce polyvinyl chloride, also known as PVC.

  PVC as a material is fairly durable, flexible, and resistant to many harsh working conditions that can involve chemicals, soil, water, wastewater and water pressure. As a plastic, PVC is naturally resistant to corroding, rusting and the effects of weathering, excluding PVC`s long term sensitivity to continuous ultraviolet (UV) sun exposure. Within chemical handling and processing, PVC offers sufficient chemical strength and compatibility with many corrosives, strong and weak acids, weak bases and caustics as well as halide / brine solutions.Example of Physical PVC Pipe   When compared to many metallic materials that are used for similar applications, products made from PVC are lightweight, more easily maneuvered, can exhibit less chemical reactivity. They also often report lower purchase and installation costs that in turn promotes a greater service life to cost ratio. Plumbing and equipment manufactured from PVC can have a service life potential of 100 years or more when employed within ideal, non-damaging work environments.   In terms of working conditions, properties and sensitivity, PVC can be susceptible to elevated temperatures, scenarios that can experience freezing fluids, applications involving pressurized gases and long term outdoor installation with sun exposure. Maximum service temperatures for PVC cap around 140°F (60°C) where softening of the PVC material can begin to occur. Minimum temperatures for PVC ar

Example of PVC Pipe UseFirst implemented in the 1920s, PVC is now heavily used within water delivery pipes, venting and duckwork for structures, appliances and equipment, plumbing conveyance of sewage and wastes, chemical fluid transfer, in construction engineering as well as an array of individual, unique items and consumer products. When used in applications, PVC is considered non-toxic and relatively inert when manufactured free of specific, potentially harmful additives to the base resin material, such as lead. The most common form of PVC is unplasticized PVC (uPVC) and is the type of PVC used to fabricate rigid materials such as pipes, sheets and structural equipment. The other common PVC type is plasticized PVC where, as the name indicates, has had plasticizing agents added to the resin that increase the material`s flexibility. Plasticized PVC is often used to produce flexible tubing, apparel wear and PVC hoses.Most often whenever the PVC acronym is mentioned, the use of uPVC as the material type is implicated and understood less otherwise stated. Unplasticized PVC is acceptable for ANSI and NSF 61 certification for its use in handling potable, drinkable water. Other common PVC use design certifications include ASTM D1785, D2241, D2729, D3034 and AWWA C900/909. These various design approvals and manufacturing standards for polyvinyl chloride approve the polymer for its use within the many modern application scenarios that PVC is now commonly used within.

When I first came into contact with this line, I heard that my predecessors often said: Our products are "industrial MSG", the amount of use is small, but the effect can not be underestimated. The performance quality of PVC products is directly related to it. Later, it was found that many times including the industry. People have more or less misunderstanding about the classification and function of ACR. They have carefully combed the understanding of PVC processing aids in these years, hoping to help friends to improve their understanding! From a large category, PVC processing aids ACR can be divided into three broad categories: 1. Promote plasticizing processing aids: This type is widely used in hard PVC products. Its main function is to promote plasticization, improve melt rheological properties and improve the dispersibility of other additives, and improve the apparent quality of products. Applicable to most PVC products such as profiles, pipes, plates (rolls), reference dosage 1-2phr 2. Foaming regulator: PVC foaming regulator can greatly increase the melt strength of PVC material due to its high molecular weight, thus effectively encapsulating the foaming gas to form a uniform honeycomb structure and prevent gas from escaping. PVC foaming regulator is also beneficial to the dispersion of other additives including foaming agents, improving the surface quality of products and improving gloss. Applicable to foamed sheet, foamed rod, foamed tube, foamed profile, foamed wood and plastic, etc., reference dosage 4-8phr 3. External lubrication type processing aid: It has the same good metal stripping property as oxidized polyethylene wax. The difference is that it has good compatibility with PVC, and can also incre

As an ideal rigid PVC processing aid, ACR impact modifier has been widely recognized, and can be added to any rigid PVC products according to different processing needs. Application: The average molecular weight of the modified ACR is much higher than that of the common PVC resin. Its main function is to promote the melting of PVC resin, change the rheological properties of the melt and improve the surface quality of products. Application scope: 1: profile 2: pipe 3: pipe fittings 4: plate 5: gusset plate, etc. In the production of PVC products, ACR impact modifier can effectively improve the processing properties of PVC profile formula, promote the plasticization of PVC particles, reduce the processing temperature and melt viscosity, improve the plasticization properties of PVC and also ensure good processing fluidity. At the same time, due to its good compatibility with PVC, Can be more advantageous to adapt to the production of low cost, good physical and mechanical properties of PVC products. At present, it has been widely used in the production of PVC profiles, pipes, pipe fittings, plates and wood-plastic products. Advantages of ACR Impact Modifier Products: 1. The special bimodal molecular structure can rapidly promote the plasticization of PVC in the process of processing and still maintain good processing fluidity; 2, special production process, the product particle size is far less than the traditional ACR additives, in the PVC products in the dry mixture dispersion probability is greater, the distribution is more uniform, so that the production and product performance is more stable; 3. With special production technology and raw materials, the unit cost of the product is more than 20% lower than that of traditional ACR additives, which greatly saves the production cost for customers; 4. Excellent formula design gives excell

What kind of role does ACR processing aid play in PVC? ACR processing aid can promote the plasticizing mechanism. Only plasticized and evenly good materials can produce PVC products with good appearance and mechanical properties. The agent has the following characteristics, and the ACR processing aid can make the PVC have a function of promoting plasticization. The characteristics of ACR processing aids are: 1. The melting temperature is lower than PVC, and the ACR processing aid is melted before PVC in the processing. 2. Because of its good compatibility with PVC, it can adhere to PVC particles after melting in the process, increase internal friction, increase shear torque, generate internal heat, make the temperature distribution in the material uniform, and the degree of plasticization is uniform. Promotes uniform plasticization of PVC materials. 3. The processing aid has a large enough molecular weight to increase the melt viscosity (or strength) during the processing, increase the melt pressure, prevent the material from slipping, thereby increasing the shear torque and making the melt and the metal. The frictional heat of the surface is greatly increased, which promotes the degree of mixing and plasticization of the PVC mixture. Nowadays, plastic products are popular, plastic materials are continuously developed and applied, and there is a great demand for processing aids for plastics. The development of science and technology has promoted the progress of the industry. ACR series processing aids are commonly used processing aids, which have good thermal stability, aging resistance, improved material properties and improved practicability. The ACR processing aid is prepared by polymerizing methyl methacrylate onto an alkyl acrylate elastomer and having a "core-shell" structure. Its "core" is a kind of low-crosslinking acrylic rubber polymer, and the "shell" is a meth

PVC pipe is a plastic pipe that is very popular in the world. Affordable prices and diverse functions are the main reasons why people choose PVC pipes as piping systems in their homes. From the manufacturer`s point of view, PVC is not an easy pipe to produce because PVC material itself is a plastic that is very sensitive to temperature. When the production temperature is not reached or below the PVC melting point, the pipe will not be perfectly made whereas if the temperature of the production machine exceeds the PVC melting point, the material will immediately turn to ash and can no longer be produced. With these properties, PVC cannot be produced directly without the aid of additives. One additive that is very important for the production of PVC pipes is a stabilizer with a function to maintain the stability of the material in resisting high temperatures during the production process. The stabilizer material commonly used in the production of PVC pipes is Pb (plumbum) or Lead which is also often called Lead. Lead is a heavy metal element that has an important role in PVC pipe production, this compound will protect PVC material from high temperatures and will evaporate and disappear when production is complete. Why do PVC pipe manufacturers use lead for PVC pipe production? Because lead is a metal that is easily available and has a fairly cheap price. Along with the times and increasing public awareness of health, the stabilizer for PVC re-examined and sought alternatives to lead. It is known that Lead is a heavy metal that will interfere with health if it is continuously in contact or ente

Without the addition of a stabilizer, PVC resins begin to degrade at temperatures of 160°C or more, the main re-action being dehydrochlorination. The results of measurement of the chlorine in the hydrogen chloride gas produced by the degradation of PVC during heating shows, as can be seen, the addition to the resin of a lead stabilizer reduces the amount of hydrogen chloride produced. As heat degradation proceeds, the resin gradually shows brown discoloration, eventually becoming black. At the molecular level, dehydrochlorination causes the formation of double bonds, the cutting of molecular chains, and cross-linking, resulting in a reduction of processability, together with a degradation in mechanical strength and electrical properties. Since PVC is generally processed at temperatures between 160°C (at which degradation begins) and 210°C, it is only through the addition of a stabilizer that it can be molded.