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Method of preparing flame retardant PP with magnesium hydroxide as flame retardant
2022 / 02 / 26
Polypropylene (PP) has been widely used in many industries for its outstanding advantages of low density, good mechanical properties, chemical corrosion resistance, easy processing, high heat resistance and deformation temperature, and low price. Flame retardant PP has become the largest flame retardant dose, the fastest growing polymer flame retardant materials. Magnesium hydroxide [Mg (OH) 2] as a kind of halogen-free flame retardant, besides can flame retardant and smoke elimination performance, and dehydration temperature is high, more suitable for PP, such as polymer flame retardant modification of processing temperature is higher, in reducing the harm to environment and processing in the material can meet the requirements of relevant laws and regulations, but also make the fire retardant plastic easier to recycle. In particular, Mg(OH)2 is rich in raw materials and low in price. It has high economic benefits as a flame retardant of PP. Therefore, Mg(OH)2 flame retardant PP is attached great importance to throughout the country in recent years. However, when most enterprises use Mg(OH)2 flame retardant PP, due to insufficient Mg(OH)2 dosage, other flame retardants need to be added, resulting in high formula cost. Therefore, the author talks about some matters that should be paid attention to when Mg(OH)2 is used as PP flame retardant. When using Mg(OH)2 flame retardant PP, in order to make the material reach ul94V-0 flame retardant grade (3.2mm sample), the dosage should be ≥60%, however, if using Mg(OH)2 smoke suppression, the dosage can be lower, the smoke density of PP containing 40%Mg(OH)2 is only about 1/3 of that of non-flame retardant PP. When Mg(OH)2 content in PP reaches 65, its mechanical properties
2022 / 02 / 26
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, in particular to an engineering plastic for pressing strips of power battery modules of new energy electric vehicles, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight, PC resin 40% - 70%; Enhancer 3% ‑ 10%; Flame retardant 10% - 15%; Anti dripping agent 0.3% ‑ 2%; Antioxidant 0.1% ‑ 0.5%; Toughening agent 3% ‑ 7%; Lubricant 0.5% ‑ 1%; ABS resin 10% ‑ 25%. The material of the invention has excellent comprehensive performance, balance of rigidity and toughness, excellent flame retardant performance and high dimensional stability, and is especially suitable for extrusion molding. The extruded power battery module strip of the material meets the requirements in all aspects, successfully solves the problem of lightening the new energy electric vehicle by replacing steel with plastic, and makes it possible for the engineering plastic strip to replace the original aluminum alloy metal strip, It brings a new direction for the lightweight of electric vehicles to improve the battery range. Novista Group supplies DBDPE, BDDP, FR245, SR130 to global market.
Heat Stabilizers for PVC: A complete guide-1
2022 / 02 / 24
Polyvinyl Chloride a.k.a. PVC, a long chain of vinyl chloride, finds numerous applications in commercial, industrial, and medical products. Before exploring the world of heat stabilizers used for PVC, let's start with the basics of this resourceful polymer.What is PVC?Polyvinyl chloride or PVC is the world's third-most widely produced synthetic plastic polymer; the first two being polyethylene and polypropylene. Discovered by a German chemist, Eugen Baumann in 1872, he observed that some vinyl chloride in a flask had started to polymerize in a white solid during exposure to the sun. However, the use of PVC in commercial products became more widespread only after American inventor Waldo Semon and the B.F. Goodrich Company, in 1926 successfully developed a system to plasticize PVC by blending it with numerous additives.But why was there a need for additives?Even though Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the most commercial polymers, it is thermally unstable at processing temperatures. The incorporation of additives increases its thermal stability, makes it more flexible and a more easily processable material.For PVC, the thermal decomposition temperature is lower than the processing temperature, the use of proper heat stabilizers is essential during its processing and as well as afterwards.Stabilizers are special types of additives assimilated into plastics to afford protection against heat, UV and mechanical degradation of the polymer during both processing and use. PVC has the most requirement of heat stabilizers and hence it is observed that heat stabilizers find major applications in the PVC industry. Heat stabilizers are commonly used to secure the PVC products at all stages by improving resistance at high temperatures.
Heat Stabilizers for PVC: A complete guide-2
2022 / 02 / 24
What are Heat Stabilizers? Heat stabilizers are additives that are intended to shield polymers from the degrading effects of heat at the time of processing or use. Role of Heat Stabilizer in PVC processing Polyvinyl chloride or PVC has a maximum operating temperature of around 60°C (140°F). At this temperature, the heat distortion of PVC begins. As PVC starts getting heated up to 170°, hydrogen and chlorine are eliminated i.e. HCl (autocatalytic dehydrochlorination) is released as decomposition initiates. A chain reaction starts as unstable molecules appear and stimulate the next HCl loss. Thermal Degradation of PVC So what exactly do the heat stabilizers do to improve the resistance of PVC compounds to heat or high temperatures? In simple words, heat stabilizers neutralize hydrogen chloride, replace weakened carbon-chlorine bonds and prevent oxidation to safeguard the vinyl product. Thus, heat stabilizers play a major role to prevent the degradation of PVC compounds. Types of Heat Stabilizers for PVC Calcium-Zinc based Stabilizers Calcium-Zinc-based Stabilizers are new generation stabilizers that are gaining importance in the PVC market. Calcium Zinc Stabilizers mainly consist of Calcium Stearate, Zinc Stearate, organic and inorganic non-toxic co-stabilizers, and internal and external lubricants. They are usually available in flake or powder forms. Let`s dive deeper to understand some of the major features of these non-toxic stabilizers. Benefits of Calcium Zinc based Stabilizers -Non-toxic and eco-friendly stabilizer -Core stabilizers provide initial colour sufficient for PVC processing. -Co-stabilizers are used to give e
Heat Stabilizers for PVC: A complete guide-3
2022 / 02 / 24
Lead-based StabilizersLead-based stabilizers offer the best electrical properties. This is stated by and large by the fact of the insolubility property of lead chlorides formed during stabilization. The Lead-based One Pack Stabilizers have a proportionate combination of Lead Stearate, Dibasic Lead Stearate, and Lubricants that give synergistic effects. The diligently manufactured lead-based stabilizers make processing easy and show excellent properties.Benefits of Lead-based Stabilizers-Excellent heat and light stability-Higher output, reducing the processing cost.-Superior gloss.-Exceptional mechanical and electrical properties-No variation in wall thickness, resulting in lower rejections and wastages.-Longer life of screw & barrel.-Consistent physical properties such as impact strength and pressure test.-Display a wider processing rangeLiquid Mixed Metal StabilizersThe liquid mixed metal stabilizers are based on metal octoates of Ba, Cd, K, Zn for several flexible applications. They provide moderate to high heat stability. Mixed metal stabilizers are more versatile, proprietary & available in many grades.Benefits of Liquid Mixed Metal Stabilizers-Barium, Cadmium & Zinc based stabilizers are the most efficient liquid stabilizers and are used in Footwear and Calendaring products.-Barium & Zinc based liquid stabilizers modern range of non-toxic and are best suited for leather cloth application-Cadmium & Zinc based liquid stabilizers are used for Foamed leather cloth, Flexible Extrusions, etc.Organotin stabilizersOrganotin stabilizers are said to be the most efficient and best stabilizers for PVC due to their performance, usage, toxicity and compatibility. organotin stabilizers offer
Why the extremely flammable Red Phosphorus is also a flame retardant?
2022 / 02 / 19
Red phosphorus is extremely flammable - the main raw material for making matches. It may seem inconceivable to use red phosphorus as a flame retardant, but red phosphorus is indeed an efficient flame retardant, especially in plastics; but in resins, red phosphorus and other phosphorus-containing flame retardants function The process is not a simple oxidation, and the phosphorus-containing flame retardant mainly acts in the condensed phase. The flame retardant mechanism is: ①. Phosphoric acid is formed as a dehydrating agent, and promotes the formation of carbon. The formation of carbon reduces the heat conduction from the flame to the condensed phase, and can play an insulating role. ②. Phosphoric acid can absorb heat because it prevents the oxidation of CO to CO2 and reduces the heating process. ③.Form a thin glassy or liquid protective layer for the condensed phase, thus reducing oxygen diffusion and heat and mass transfer between gas and solid phases, inhibiting carbon oxidation process, reducing combustible substances and combustibles gas concentration. ④. The thermal decomposition of phosphorus-containing flame retard
The insulation tape is to be judged as flame retardant
2022 / 02 / 19
1. Can not continue to flame longer than 60s after any of five 15s applications of test flame. 2. Can not ignite the cotton on the burner, wedge or floor of the enclosure. 3. Less than 25% of the indicator flag burned away after any of five 15s applications of test flame. Novista Group supplies equivalent of FP-2100JC, FP-2200S, FP-2500S, Exolit OP1230, OP930, OP1312, OP1314 to global market.
Why Insulation Tapes Can Be Flame Retardant?
2022 / 02 / 19
1. Backing is Flame Retardant 2. Add Flame Retardant into Adhesive - Chlorides - Bromides - Nitrides/ Phosphides - Al(OH)3 --.. Novista Group supplies DBDPE, BDDP, FR245, SR130 to global market. PVC Impact Modifier PVC Additives PVC Processing Aid Acrylic Impact Modifier Acrylic Processing Aid PVC Heat Stabilizer PVC Lubricant CPVC Compound CPVC Additives
PVC impact modifiers Excellent performance
2022 / 02 / 18
PVC impact modifiers Excellent performance With the rapid development of the global plastics industry, PVC impact modifier development is also advancing by leaps and bounds. In recent years, the average annual growth rate of plastic PVC industry reached 4% -6%, has exceeded the level of GDP growth. The main reason for this growth is that plastic materials continue to replace traditional materials such as metals, wood, and minerals. In fact, the various additives added to the resin for the successful application of plastic materials is also helpful. Among the various types of additives used, impact modifiers and PVC impact modifiers provide the most exclusive and valuable performance for polymers, while also improving the processability of the product. Toughening treatment, rheological performance control, appearance aesthetics, processing performance and economic factors are important properties of the property. All these additives have been used for many years, after a long period of development derived from a wide range of varieties. One of the main reasons for this is the diversity of the emulsion polymerization process, which allows scientists to continuously design suitable polymer components, polymer structures, polymer morphology and polymer molecular weight / molecular weight distribution. The emulsion polymerization is still very attractive in commercial production due to the low cost of production and the ease of separation of the resulting emulsion product. In 1956, the first polymer additive for emulsion polymerization was developed, which is a core-shell structure impact modifier prepared from methacrylate-butadiene-styrene (MBS). Followed by a variety of acrylic processing aids and
PVC Processing Aids Hysical Properties
2022 / 02 / 18
PVC Processing Aids Hysical Properties PVC processing aids are the main raw materials for acrylic esters and methyl methacrylate. In the actual production, usually the first acrylic and other monomers (such as styrene, acrylonitrile, etc.) by emulsion polymerization to form a glass transition temperature of the polymer, that is, with the elastic properties of the core, and then with methacrylic acid Methyl ester, styrene and the like to form a polymer having a core-shell structure. The emulsion solid content of this emulsion polymerization is generally about 45% ± 3%, the emulsion and then dehydrated to make the product less than 1% water content (mass fraction), to obtain white powder products. Core-shell emulsion polymerization is the core of ACR resin production technology. Although the core structure of ACR has "hard core-soft shell structure", "soft-core-hard shell structure" and "hard-soft-hard three-layer structure", but the current market sales of the main varieties of " Hard shell structure ", with the structure of ACR resin performance is good, more widely used. "Soft-core-hard shell structure" of the core-shell emulsion polymerization, the process is the first step in the emulsion polymerization of the formation of soft latex particles grafted hard monomer. The types and amounts of emulsifiers, the ratio of core-shell, shell monomer feeding, the degree of crosslinking of rubber latex (rubber core), the size of seed and the type and amount of crosslinking agent, and so on. The core-shell structure and ACR's final product performance have a significant impact. The addition of PVC processing aids in plastic processing is a chemical that produces a chemical reaction at the time of processing. We know that the chemical industry is relatively harmful to the human body, then the PVC processing aids on the human body is harmful? We come to introduce: PVC processing
PVC Processing Aids Hysical Properties
2022 / 02 / 18
PVC Processing Aids Hysical Properties PVC processing aids are the main raw materials for acrylic esters and methyl methacrylate. In the actual production, usually the first acrylic and other monomers (such as styrene, acrylonitrile, etc.) by emulsion polymerization to form a glass transition temperature of the polymer, that is, with the elastic properties of the core, and then with methacrylic acid Methyl ester, styrene and the like to form a polymer having a core-shell structure. The emulsion solid content of this emulsion polymerization is generally about 45% ± 3%, the emulsion and then dehydrated to make the product less than 1% water content (mass fraction), to obtain white powder products. Core-shell emulsion polymerization is the core of ACR resin production technology. Although the core structure of ACR has "hard core-soft shell structure", "soft-core-hard shell structure" and "hard-soft-hard three-layer structure", but the current market sales of the main varieties of " Hard shell structure ", with the structure of ACR resin performance is good, more widely used. "Soft-core-hard shell structure" of the core-shell emulsion polymerization, the process is the first step in the emulsion polymerization of the formation of soft latex particles grafted hard monomer. The types and amounts of emulsifiers, the ratio of core-shell, shell monomer feeding, the degree of crosslinking of rubber latex (rubber core), the size of seed and the type and amount of crosslinking agent, and so on. The core-shell structure and ACR's final product performance have a significant impact. The addition of PVC processing aids in plastic processing is a chemical that produces a chemical reaction at the time of processing. We know that the chemical industry is relatively harmful to the human body, then the PVC processing aids on the human body is harmful? We come to introduce: PVC processing
PVC foaming regulators Effective adjustment
2022 / 02 / 18
PVC foaming regulators Effective adjustment PVC foam regulator is a PVC material in the processing to provide foam products, PVC foam regulator can effectively adjust the PVC foam performance, improve the plasticity of PVC material stability. Throughout the current situation of PVC foam regulator, the following four development advantages: 1, the analysis of high precision testing services: effectively get all kinds of test problems, detection accuracy close to 100%. 2, has a first-class map of the joint analyzer: a world-class map of the joint analyzer to ensure the accuracy of detection. 3, the shortest only 3 working days within the analysis time: more than the average global analysis with 10% -35%, significantly increase the efficiency of analysis and detection. 4, high-quality analysis of the detection industry professionals: senior analysis of the industry professionals to ensure that my unit in the chemical industry leader in the leading position to lead the development of analytical testing. The face of PVC products market conditions, PVC foam regulator will be a steady pace in the plastic development on the road. Plastic market, especially the PVC market needs to develop, but also need technology boost, PVC foam regulator can be a strong boost the development of PVC plastic. PVC plastic market is a very promising industry market. At present, the plastic market has gradually developed for the direction of deep processing, in the existing market, continue to increase the intensity of plastic production. At the same time, plastic research is also we have to focus on, with boutique, but also constant innovation, to lead the market. PVC foam regulator of the quality and technology research and development can boost the development of PVC plastic market. The face of the future of the plastic market, PVC foam regulator quality and technolo
What happens in Foamed Polyvinyl Chloride?-1
2022 / 02 / 18
Foamed or Microcellular Polyvinyl Chloride (M-PVC) is formed by a process called nucleation. Homogenous microcellular foams, with an average cell size of the order of 10 microns, can be produced in PVC by the process of nucleation. In this process, gas is dissolved under high pressure into the liquefied U-PVC as it's undergoing the extrusion process. This causes the uniform creation of billions of tiny bubbles that later form cells of densities ranging from l07 to l09 cells/cc. Carbon dioxide is used as the nucleating gas. A majority of the cell growth was found to occur in the early stages of foaming. The bubble nucleation density has an Arrhenius-type dependence on temperature. Additionally, in contrast to microcellular foams, structural PVC foams are typically characterized by a large variation in foam density across the foam thickness. Also, nucleation can occur at temperatures significantly below the original glass transition temperature, and that a microcellular structure can be achieved within the range of foaming temperatures. The nucleation density increases with increasing foaming temperature, but the average cell diameter remains fairly constant over the range of foaming temperatures. The small cell size and high cell density in microcellular foams provide the possibility to foam thin-wall parts in the 0.5 to 2 mm range. Some of the cellular structure of extruded PVC foam is produced by the exothermic thermal decomposition of chemical foaming agent (CFA). Azobisformamide (ABFA) is the most popular CFA for PVC. Its decomposition is dependent on PVC formulation components and mainly the thermal stabilizers which are acting as kickers. For the prediction of the processibility of a foamed rigid PVC compound, the temperature of decomposition (Td) of the ABFA must be adjusted within the range of PVC processing temperature. Ideally, the ABFA will not produce any gas until after the PVC has fused and can form a melt se
What happens in Foamed Polyvinyl Chloride?-2
2022 / 02 / 18
Organotin stabilizers are usually used for rigid foam boards. The majority of tin stabilizers used are tin mercaptides. They are cheaper than tin carboxylates and give excellent heat stability but poor weatherability. Also, they don`t act as kickers for ADC decomposition. Hence, formulations based on tin mercaptide, which are used for the majority of non-weathering foam sheet products, require kickers for ADC decomposition otherwise a low gas yield will result.Whereas, tin carboxylates are more expensive than tin mercaptides but offer excellent weathering properties and work as kickers for ADC decomposition. These stabilizers are a good choice for free-foam sheets for outdoor applicationsEndothermic CFAs are chemicals that take heat away from the chemical reaction. They are based on inorganic chemicals and generate CO2 gas. Sodium bicarbonate (SBC) is one of them. This produces foams with a much smaller cell structure, resulting in improved appearance and better physical properties. SBC decomposes to give CO2, H2O and Na2CO3. The reaction is endothermic and reversible and takes place over a wide temperature range, which includes the processing window of rigid PVC foam. The gas yield is only 125 cc/gm and compared with ADC the decomposition is slow and erratic, and a coarse cell structure is obtained. However, the advantages of SBC are that it is easier to handle than ADC (which is classed as an irritant), it produces a whiter foam and is less prone to give problems with cell collapse. Endothermic chemical foaming agents contain no hazardous materials so they are environmentally friendly, safe to process and grades are available for applications where contact with food occurs.The best blowing agent to use for rigid foam profile is a mixture consisting of mainly SBC (90%) with a small amount of ADC. Combining SBC with ADC ensures a reasonably fine cell structure but avoids the problem of cell collapse.To decipher th
What happens in Foamed Polyvinyl Chloride?-3
2022 / 02 / 18
Although, it is an internal lubricant only that promotes plasticization, improves polymer fluidity and the surface finish of products. External lubricant like PE wax is used to reduce the friction between the polymer and the surface of the machine to prevent it from adhering to the mechanical surface. High melt OPE waxes, provide good lubrication in middle and late processing. Lubricants should follow the principle of lubrication in the early, middle and final stages so that all materials can be protected at all stages, and the product must be stable for a long time without scaling. Internal and external lubrication systems are usually composed of PE and OPE waxes are used. To obtain a uniform cell structure, the gas is either injected or evolved by heat and must be thoroughly dispersed in the polymer melt. Some of the essential factors on which the cell structure is depended are: -Speed and pressure of the gas -Dispersive properties of the machine -Decomposition rate of foaming agent -The melt viscosity of the PVC resin Most foam profile is extruded using the celluka method also known as the inward foaming process. In this method the calibration unit is situated adjacent to the die and has the same dimensions as the die, thus controlling foam expansion. This setup gives very rapid cooling. Bubble formation is quenched in the surface of the product and solid outer skin is produced, usually about 0.5 mm thick, and a lower density core. The outer surfaces of celluka products are the same as those of solid extrusions. This structure gives the material higher mechanical strength and lowers thermal conductivity. Thus, the two major differences between U-PVC and foamed PVC is that foamed PVC is much stronger and offers much better insulation (higher V.R. value) due to its cellular structure. Foamed PVC is usually used for construction, furniture, signboard
Chlorinated Polyethylene (CPE) Characteristics and Application
2022 / 02 / 12
Chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) is a material obtained through the substitution of hydrogen atoms with chlorine atoms in high-density polyethylene (HDPE). CPE exists as a white powder. It is non-toxic and tasteless. The high-temperature thermal aging resistance of CPE fabricated from low-pressure polyethylene HDPE is superior to that of CPE fabricated from high-pressure polyethylene. CPE is commonly produced in the density range of 0.93–0.96 g/cm3 with an average molecular weight of 5–25 million and the melt index of 0.01–2.0 g/10 min. The degree of chlorination has a significant effect on the properties of CPE. For example, CPE is plastic when its chlorine content is less than 15%, a thermoplastic elastomer when its chlorine content is 16%–24%, and a rubber-like elastomer when its chlorine content is 25%–48%. It is a leather-like semi-elastic hard polymer when its chlorine content is 49%–58% and becomes a brittle resin when its chlorine content increases to 73%. Crystallinity is eliminated from high-pressure polyethylene upon the introduction of approximately 27% chlorine content. Crystallinity is also eliminated when 30% chlorine content is introduced into high-crystallinity low-pressure polyethylene. CPE rubber elastomer preferably contains 30%–40% chlorine. CPE rubber contains 25%–45% chlorine. Increasing chlorine content improves the oil resistance, air permeability, and flame retardancy of the CPE product. By contrast, decreasing chlorine content improves the cold resistance, resilience, and compression bending performance of the CPE product. Characteristics of CPE 1) CPE is a saturated rubber with excellent chemical properties, such as resistance to thermal oxygen aging, ozone aging, and acid and alkali resistance. 2) CPE has excellent oil resistance, such as resistance to ASTM 1 oil and ASTM 2 oil. Its oil resistance is comparable to t
Replacement of lead based stabilizers with lead free stabilizers-1
2022 / 02 / 12
Nathaniel Branden, a famous Canadian-American psychologist once said, [The first step toward change is awareness. The second step is acceptance." Lead based stabilizers are being used from the very beginning to stabilize rigid PVC across the world. The decomposition temperature of PVC is much lower than its processing temperature. Thus, the processing of PVC requires heat stabilizers that do not allow HCl molecules to leave the polymer chain and increases the decomposition temperature. Lead based heat stabilizers provide excellent heat and light stability. They also provide good mechanical and electrical properties and display a very wide processing range. They are the best kind of stabilizers in terms of cost to performance ratio. Apart from these benefits, lead based heat stabilizers have a major drawback of toxicity. A small amount of lead leaching can also cause potential health problems in a young infant. The concern of toxicity has brought an initiative to phase out lead from PVC manufacturing. Lead stabilizers are being replaced by non-toxic calcium (Ca) and zinc (Zn) based stabilizers. The PVC market is now diverted towards heavy metal free stabilizers based on a mixture of Ca-Zn soap and other organic and inorganic compounds. Similar to lead stabilizers, these are also available in One Pack Systems in powder, flake and paste forms. Other than being harmless, Ca-Zn stabilizers provide good aesthetic and electrical properties. They improve color stability during the processing of PVC and provide excellent outdoor weathering performance in comparison to lead based stabilizers. A well-adjusted system of stabilizers, co-stabilizers and lubricants improves heat stability, color hold and surface gloss. They do not discolor the product after coming in contact with sulfur, whereas sulfur blackening is a very common issue in lead stabilizers. The Ca-Zn stabilizers show
Replacement of lead based stabilizers with lead free stabilizers-2
2022 / 02 / 12
Besides Ca-Zn stabilizers, Organotin mercaptide based stabilizers are another choice. These are generally available in liquid form, but nowadays powder form is also available with some manufacturers. Organotin stabilizers are very popular for transparent applications and rigid applications in America. They offer outstanding color retention in plasticized and rigid PVC processing. While selecting lubricants with tin stabilizer, stearic acid shall be avoided as it may form highly incompatible alkyl tin stearates and cause spewing in plasticized applications or exudation.Organotin stabilizers offer excellent thermal performance and therefore, are employed as the most efficient thermal stabilizers. They are more expensive than Leads, but as they are so efficient, processers with top-of-the-line extruders are reported to have come down to 0.3-0.5 PHR with the powerful methyl tins and being competitive to lead stabilizer systems.Organotin stabilizers are classified as toxic and a few are also classified as toxic for reproduction. Therefore, sufficient precautions have to be taken to avoid ingestion, skin absorption and inhalation. In the case of potable water pipe, tin stabilizers are approved in all Asian, European countries and the USA. However, in Europe, their usage in water pipe has been largely confined to France and Belgium, while it is the dominant stabilizer type used for this application in the USA. Following a risk assessment, risk reduction measures are currently under discussion at the EU level. The industry has already phased out organotin stabilizers in most of the applications.The other very new and emerging category of heat stabilizers is Organic stabilizers. They are being developed as effective, safer and more eco-friendly additives for PVC processing. The major component acting as primary stabilizer and lubricant is Calcium Stearate. Other than calcium stearate organic stabilizers are bas
Replacement of lead based stabilizers with lead free stabilizers-3
2022 / 02 / 12
Until 2016, 80% of the world's manufacturers were using lead stabilizers, the remaining 20% are used to stabilize PVC food packing, mineral water bottles and pharmaceutical containers. Despite many advantages, the toxicity of lead has brought a restriction to the use of lead based stabilizers in PVC articles. This restriction brought a revolutionary change in PVC processing. In 2020, 50% of the world's manufacturers are using Ca-Zn stabilizers. In Europe, Ca-Zn stabilizers already hold a larger market share than lead stabilizers. In the USA too, some large processors voluntarily switched from Lead to Ca-Zn stabilizers and brought a change in the industry. At the moment, the PVC pipes and fittings sector is seeing the development of Ca-Zn stabilizers with additional lubricants to achieve the perfect balance for pipes. Fine adjustments in composition can be made to serve a variety of applications.The Ca-Zn stabilizer systems for PVC wires and cables have gained importance during the last few years and their demand is still growing. Today, the different heat stabilizers for wires and cables compete with each other in terms of cost, performance, and processing properties.Whereas, in the profile sector, lead stabilizers are still widely used because of their good processability, the favorable cost to performance ratio, and outstanding heat stability. But, soon they will also be replaced by Ca-Zn stabilizers.The use of lead stabilizers faces restrictions from various sides. While, the Ca-Zn stabilizers are made such that they meet the requirements of the latest environmental protection standards (such as EU ROHS, REACH directive, etc). To meet future challenges more effectively, a closer collaboration between stabilizer producers and processors is necessary. As the manufacturer of PVC stabilizers, NOVISTA has a specialized technical services team that can render technical
The mechanism of flame retardants
2022 / 02 / 12
Flame retardants are functional additives that endow flammable polymers with flame retardancy. They are mainly designed for the flame retardant of polymer materials. They exert their flame retardant effects through several mechanisms, such as heat absorption, coverage, inhibition of chain reactions, and incombustibility. Gas asphyxiation, etc. Most flame retardants work together to achieve the purpose of flame retardant through several mechanisms. 1. Endothermic effect The heat released by any combustion in a short time is limited. If part of the heat released by the fire source can be absorbed in a short time, the flame temperature will decrease, radiate to the combustion surface and act on the gas that has been vaporized. The heat required for the decomposition of combustible molecules into free radicals will be reduced, and the combustion reaction will be inhibited to a certain extent. Under high temperature conditions, the flame retardant undergoes a strong endothermic reaction, absorbs part of the heat released by combustion, reduces the temperature of the surface of the combustible material, effectively inhibits the generation of combustible gases, and prevents the spread of combustion. The flame retardant mechanism of Al(OH)3 flame retardant is to improve its flame retardant performance by increasing the heat capacity of the polymer, so that it absorbs more heat before reaching the ther
Electrical and Electronic Equipment: Types of Flame Retardants Used in EEE Applications
2022 / 02 / 12
Flame retardants are an important component in reducing the devastating impact of fires on people, property and the environment. Their areas of application in electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) vary depending on the materials being used, the function of the product, and the level of fire resistance that must be achieved based on fire safety standards. Flame retardants have unique characteristics, and, as a result, need to be matched appropriately to the materials used. In wires and cables, for example, the flame retardants used must meet fire safety requirements developed specifically for these products because they have the potential for spreading a fire to the electrical socket, and to walls and curtains. The level of flame retardancy required for printed wiring boards used in consumer mobile phones is different than that of wiring boards used in computer servers or in telecommunications or aerospace applications. Higher electrical and mechanical performance demands must be met with flame retardants that can achieve higher flammability and fire resistance standards, without affecting a product`s performance specifications. When it comes to fire safety, one size does not fit all. Specific flame retardants must be selected carefully to meet fire safety standards, electrical and mechanical requirements. The following classes of flame retardants used in EEE include: · Bromine-based
Flame retardants in transportation industry
2022 / 02 / 12
The world is a much smaller place today thanks to modern modes of transportation. Decisions about vacation destinations or business travel now go beyond cities and states and encompass countries around the world. Travel, whether by car, train or airplane, is faster, safer, more affordable and much more comfortable than ever before. These improvements are largely due to the technologically advanced materials developed over the last several decades. Many metal transportation components of old, for example, have been replaced with those made with plastic, making transport lighter and more fuel efficient. A variety of plastics materials (e.g., flexible plastics, foam), composite materials, new types of textiles and electronic components have given transportation engineers and manufacturers a wealth of options when it comes to transportation design, function and performance. These materials, however, which are now used in transportation products and components such as structural parts, electrical cables and wires, carpets and upholstery, must also meet flammability standards and requirements. Often, flame retardants are incorporated into these materials to help meet these standards. Notably, the right flame retardant solution must be matched to the specific material
Application of flame retardant in textile industry
2022 / 01 / 22
As an indispensable part of the national economy and people's livelihood, textiles are divided into three categories according to their uses: clothing textiles, decorative textiles and industrial textiles. They occupy an important position in people's daily life. However, textiles are relatively easy to burn due to their constituent raw materials. In recent years, there have been many reports of fires caused by improper storage of textiles or fire during use, which has brought a greater impact on the personal and property safety of consumers. Therefore, textiles need different degrees of flame retardant finishing, so that it can not only provide consumers with material needs, but also effectively improve safety. With the advancement of textile technology and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the research on flame retardant finishing of textiles has also been further developed, and certain research results have been achieved. Production method of textile flame retardant fiber Different from ordinary fibers, flame retardant fibers have good flame retardancy and can delay the spread of fire. Flame retardant fibers can be divided into two categories, one is that the fibers themselves have certain flame retardant properties, such as poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fibers, polyamide-imide fibers, etc., which have been widely used in various High temperature resistant and flame retardant working environment; the other type is obtained by modifying conventional fibers.
2022 / 01 / 22
Flame retardants fulfil their purpose primarily by either physical or chemical action. Physical action can be subdivided into three modes; 1. Cooling: An endothermic process is triggered by additives cooling the substrate to a temperature below that required for sustaining the combustion process. 2. Formation of protective layer: The combustible layer is shielded from the gaseous phase with a solid or gaseous protective layer. The oxygen required for the combustion process is excluded and heat transfer is impeded. 3. Dilution: Fillers are incorporated that evolve inert gases on decomposition diluting the fuel in the solid and gaseous phase so that the lower ignition limit of the gas mixture is not
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Privacy statement: Your privacy is very important to Us. Our company promises not to disclose your personal information to any external company with out your explicit permission.